Badminton is a racquet sport played by
either two opposing players (singles) or two opposing pairs (doubles), who take
positions on opposite halves of a rectangular court divided by a net. Players
score points by striking a shuttlecock with their racquet so that it passes
over the net and lands in their opponents' half of the court. Each side may
only strike the shuttlecock once before it passes over the net. A rally ends
once the shuttlecock has struck the floor, or if a fault has been called by
either the umpire or service judge or, in their absence, the offending player,
at any time during the rally.
The shuttlecock is a feathered or (mainly in noncompetitive
matches) plastic projectile whose unique aerodynamic properties cause it to fly
differently from the balls used in most racquet sports; in particular, the
feathers create much higher drag, causing the shuttlecock to decelerate
more rapidly than a ball. Shuttlecocks have a much higher top speed, when
compared to other racquet sports. Because shuttlecock flight is affected by
wind, competitive badminton is played indoors. Badminton is also played
outdoors as a casual recreational activity, often as a garden or beach game.
Since 1992, badminton has been an Olympic sport with five events: men's and women's singles, men's and
women's doubles, and mixed doubles, in which each pair consists of a man and a
woman. At high levels of play, especially in singles, the sport demands
excellent fitness: players require aerobic stamina, agility, explosive
strength, speed and precision. It is also a technical sport, requiring
good motor coordination and the
development of sophisticated racquet movements.
swimming, in
recreation and sports, the propulsion of the body through water by combined arm
and leg motions and the natural flotation of the body. Swimming as an exercise
is popular as an all-around body developer and is particularly useful in
therapy and as exercise for physically handicapped persons. It is also taught
for lifesaving purposes. For activities that involve swimming, see also diving, lifesaving,surfing, synchronized swimming, underwater diving,
and water polo.
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/577062/swimming
Tennis is a racquet
sport that can be played individually against a
single opponent (singles) or between two teams of two players each (doubles). Each player uses a racquet that is strung with cord to strike a hollow rubber ball covered with felt over or around a net and into the opponent's court. The object
of the game is to play the ball in such a way that the opponent is not able to
play a good return. The opponent who is unable to return the ball will not gain
a point, while the opposite opponent will.
Tennis is an Olympic sport and is played at all levels of society and at all ages.
The sport can be played by anyone who can hold a racquet, including wheelchair
users. The modern game of tennis originated in Birmingham, England, in the
late 19th century as "lawn tennis". It had close connections both to
various field ("lawn") games such as croquet and bowls as well as to the older racquet sport of real tennis. During
most of the 19th-century in fact, the term "tennis" referred to real
tennis, not lawn tennis: for example, in Disraeli's novel Sybil (1845), Lord Eugene De Vere announces that he will "go down
toHampton Court and play tennis.
The rules of tennis have changed little
since the 1890s. Two exceptions are that from 1908 to 1961 the server had to
keep one foot on the ground at all times, and the adoption of the tie-break in the 1970s. A recent addition to professional tennis has been
the adoption of electronic review technology coupled with a point challenge
system, which allows a player to contest the line call of a point.
Tennis is played by millions of
recreational players and is also a popular worldwide spectator sport. The four Grand Slamtournaments (also referred to as the "Majors") are
especially popular: the Australian
Open played on hard courts, the French Open played on red clay courts, Wimbledon played on grass courts, and the US Open played also on hard courts.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tennis
Running is a method of terrestrial locomotion allowing humans and other animals to move rapidly on foot.
Running is a type of gaitcharacterized
by an aerial phase in which all feet are above the ground (though there are
exceptions]). This is
in contrast to walking, where one
foot is always in contact with the ground, the legs are kept mostly straight
and the center of
gravity vaults over the stance leg or legs in an
inverted pendulum fashion.] A characteristic feature of a running body from the viewpoint of
spring-mass mechanics is that changes in kinetic and potential energy within a
stride occur simultaneously, with energy storage accomplished by springy
tendons and passive muscle elasticity.The term running can refer to any of a
variety of speeds ranging from jogging to sprinting.
It is assumed that the ancestors of mankind
developed the ability to run for long distances about 2.6 million years ago,
probably in order to hunt animals. Competitive
running grew out of religious festivals in various areas. Records of
competitive racing date back to theTailteann
Games in Ireland in 1829 BCE, while the first recorded Olympic Games
took place in 776 BCE. Running has been described as the world's most
accessible sport.
Football is a sport
that uses a ball made of leather and is played by two teams, each consisting of
11 (eleven) the core players and most of the reserves. Entering the 21st
century, this sport has been played by over 250 million people in 200 countries,
making it the most popular sport in the world Football is aiming to score as
much as possible with using a ball into the opposing goal. Football
is played in a rectangular court, on grass or artificial turf.
In general, only goalkeeper who is eligible to touch the ball with the hand or
arm in the area of the net, while 10 (ten) of other players are allowed to
use his entire body in addition to the hand, usually by foot to kick, chest to
control, and head to the ball. The team that scored the most goals at the
end of the game is the winner. If until the end of time still end in a
draw, then it can be a draw, extra time or penalties, depending on the
organization of the championship format.
General game rules are updated annually by the international football governing body (FIFA), which also organizes the World Cup every four years.
General game rules are updated annually by the international football governing body (FIFA), which also organizes the World Cup every four years.
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